Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Mangrove (Sonneratia alba) pada Bakteri Vibrio harveyi secara In Vitro

Abstract

Abstrack

In production effort of tiger shrimp (Pennaeus monodon) it had been found several problems that often faced of shrimp farmers in shrimp culture. One of them is the presence of vibriosis disease caused by Vibrio harveyi infection. This study aimed to examine the use of mangrove (S. alba) leaf extract by in vitro to prevent the population growth of bacteria V. harveyi. This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Pathology at Maros Research Institute for Brackish Water Aquaculture. Testing the inhibition of mangrove leaf extract to against bacterial has done in two phases namely qualitative test (inhibition zone) that used concentration were 2.000, 4.000, 6.000, 8.000, 10.000 ppm, control (without extract) and 25 ppm of antibiotic rifampicin as negative control. It the same time that quantitative test (bacterial population) that used concentration were 2.000, 4.000, 6.000, 8.000 ppm, control without extract and DMSO 10%. The results had showed mangrove leaf extract could inhibit the population growth of bacteria V. harveyi. In quality, extract categorized medium at concentration of 8,000-10,000 ppm with inhibition zone from 16.18 to 18.20 mm, and categorized low at 2000-6000 ppm concentration with inhibition zone 9.83 to 12.30 mm. While the quantity of best concentration of mangrove leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of bacteria were 8,000 ppm with total of bacteria was 0 CFU/mL after 8 hours, 6,000 ppm with total of bacteria was 0 CFU/mL after 12 hours, 4.000 ppm with total of bacteria was 4.80 x104 CFU/mL after 24 hours and 2.000 ppm with total of bacteria was 5.17 x10⁷ CFU/mL after 24 hours.

                                                                   Abstrak

Dalam usaha produksi budidaya udang windu (Pennaeus monodon) ditemukan berbagai permasalahan yang sering menghambat petani dalam melaksanakan kegiatan budidaya di tambak. Salah satu diantaranya adalah adanya serangan penyakit vibriosis yang disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Vibrio harveyi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji penggunaan ekstrak daun mangrove (S. alba) secara   In Vitro untuk mencegah pertumbuhan bakteri V. harveyi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Patologi Balai Penelitian dan Pengembangan Budidaya Air Payau, Maros. Pengujian daya hambat ekstrak daun mangrove terhadap bakteri dilakukan dengan dua tahapan yakni secara kualitatif (zona hambatan) yang menggunakan konsentrasi 2.000, 4.000, 6.000, 8.000, 10.000 ppm, kontrol (tanpa pemberian ekstrak) dan antibiotik rifampisin 25 ppm serta pengujian secara kuantitatif (kepadatan bakteri) yang menggunakan konsentrasi 2.000, 4.000, 6.000, 8.000 ppm, kontrol dengan tanpa ekstrak dan DMSO 10%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ekstrak daun mangrove dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri V. harveyi. Secara kualitas, ekstrak terkategori sedang pada konsentrasi 8.000-10.000 ppm dengan zona hambatan 16,18-18,20 mm,  dan terkategori lemah pada konsentrasi 2.000- 6.000 ppm  dengan zona hambatan 9,83-12,30 mm. Sedangkan secara kuantitas konsentrasi terbaik ekstrak daun mangrove berturut-turut dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri adalah 8.000 ppm dengan total bakteri 0 CFU/mL setelah 8 jam, 6.000 ppm dengan total bakteri 0 CFU/mL setelah 12 jam, 4.000 ppm dengan total bakteri 4,80x10⁴ CFU/mL setelah 24 jam dan 2.000 ppm dengan total bakteri 5,17x10⁷ CFU/mL  setelah 24 jam.